Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: [ɦɪˈmaːtʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ] (listen); lit. Agriculture, horticulture, hydropower and tourism are important constituents of the state's economy. [120] By 2011, the literacy rate surged to over 82%,[121][5] making Himachal one of the most-literate states in the country. RAINFALL, CLIMATE AND TEMPERATURE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH | HIMACHAL GENERAL KNOWLEDGE | HIMACHAL PARIKSHA RAINFALL, CLIMATE AND TEMPERATURE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH Due to variation in elevation(350m-7025m) the climatic conditions are also variable in the state.The climatic conditions vary from hot and subhumid tropical in the south-west to temperate, … The climate varies from hot and subhumid tropical in the southern tracts to, with more elevation, cold, alpine, and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. [50] More than 50% of this expenditure was incurred on transport and communication; while the power sector got a share of just 4.6%, though it had steadily increased to 7% by the Third Plan. The average temperature in the summer months vary from 22 degrees to 37 degree Celsius. Himachal has three Domestic Airports in Kangra, Kullu and Shimla districts. Bilaspur, Kangra, Mandi, Sirmour, and Una districts experience sub tropical monsoon, … [9], Hindi is the official language of Himachal Pradesh and is spoken by the majority of the population as a lingua franca. Covering an area of 55,673 square kilometres (21,495 sq mi),[4] it is a mountainous state. The state is one of the most literate states of India with a literacy rate of 83.78% as of 2011. Current Science, 89 (8): 1331–1338. Check out: Popular Monasteries in Himachal Pradesh. [61][62] In 2011–12, the total area under apple cultivation was 104,000 hectares, increased from 90,347 hectares in 2000–01. [118][119], At the time of Independence, Himachal Pradesh had a literacy rate of 8% – one of the lowest in the country. [110] The colour of the Himachali caps has been an indicator of political loyalties in the hill state for a long period of time with Congress party leaders like Virbhadra Singh donning caps with green band and the rival BJP leader Prem Kumar Dhumal wearing a cap with maroon band. Copyright © HT Digital Streams Ltd. All rights reserved. One is the Kalka-Shimla Railway, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and another is the Pathankot-Jogindernagar line. There is great diversification in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh due to variation in elevation. [90] The total fertility rate (TFR) per woman in 2015 stood at 1.7, one of the lowest in India. Locally, it is called the Land of the Gods because of some popular Hindu temples of Hindu deities. Considering the importance of seasonal snow cover as a major input in controlling the hydrology of the river basins, director (environment science and technology)-cum-member secretary (HIMCOSTE) DC Rana said that although we have the information about the total snowfall that takes place during the winter season from the various observatories operating throughout the state as point information and therefore its spatial extent cannot be ascertained. [91], In the census, the state is placed 21st on the population chart, followed by Tripura at 22nd place. At 6,816 m, Reo Purgyil is the highest mountain peak in the state of Himachal Pradesh. [15], Himachal is in the western Himalayas. [128] The Rashtriya Madhayamic Shiksha Abhiyan launched in 2009, is a similar scheme but focuses on improving access to quality secondary education. 1. Himachal Pradesh receives winter precipitation in the form of snow at the higher altitudes. Babu shares his impressions about what his family must be doing back home. Meadows and pastures are also seen clinging to steep slopes. Timur and Sikander Lodi also marched through the lower hills of the state and captured a number of forts and fought many battles. [60] Apples from Himachal are exported to other Indian states and even other countries. [67] The identified hydroelectric potential for the state is 27,436 MW in five river basins[65] while the hydroelectric capacity in 2016 was 10,351 MW. of 1950). It came into being as a centrally administered territory on 15 April 1948 from the integration of thirty erstwhile princely states.[36]. Further, state-run Jawaharlal Nehru Government Engineering College was inaugurated in 2006 at Sundernagar. Get free access to newsletters, alerts and recommendations. [101], Himachal Pradesh was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. [55], Agriculture accounts for 9.4% of the net state domestic product. Himalayan rivers criss-cross the entire mountain chain. [83] Hamirpur district has the highest road density in the country. [15] They consolidated their military power and began to expand their territory. [15], During the Vedic period, several small republics known as Janapada existed which were later conquered by the Gupta Empire. Climate of Himachal Pradesh. This was a drastic increase from the 13% that was recorded in 2006–2007. About 90% of the population in Himachal depends directly upon agriculture, which provides direct employment to 62% of total workers of state. Their unopposed election is being seen as a foregone conclusion, provided none of the remaining candidates withdraw, which will otherwise make voting necessary. [57][58] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among the other crops grown in the state. [37] Terms of office run for five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved prior to the completion of the term. The temperature in Kerala normally ranges from 28° to 32° C (82° to 90° F) on the plains but drops to about 20° C (68° F) in the highlands. 5-Day Nationwide Weather Forecast. The climate varies from hot and subhumid tropical in the southern tracts to, with more elevation, cold, alpine, and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. The Kalka-Shimla Railway passes through many tunnels and Bridgies, while the Pathankot–Jogindernagar meanders through a maze of hills and valleys. The monsoon trough lies over Rajasthan, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Kolkata and the northeast Bay of Bengal on Sunday morning—near its normal position. After a brief period of supremacy by King Harshavardhana, the region was divided into several local powers headed by chieftains, including some Rajputs principalities. The climate ranges from warm and sub-humid tropical at low altitudes to cold and icy at high altitudes. The state witnessed a marginal decrease of about 0.72% in its snow cover from October 2019 to May this year in comparison to 2018-19 i.e total average area under snow has reduced from 20210.23Km2 to 20064.00Km2, By Navneet Rathore | Hindustan Times, Shimla. [117] Non-vegetarian food is more preferred and accepted in Himachal Pradesh than elsewhere in India, partly due to the scarcity of fresh vegetables on the hilly terrain of the state. faceted realities of the people living in different climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh. In fact, you can visit in different seasons for all together different experiences. After the winter season, the hillsides and orchards bloom with wild flowers, while gladiolas, carnations, marigolds,[27] roses, chrysanthemums, tulips and lilies are carefully cultivated. [15] During World War I, virtually all rulers of the hill states remained loyal and contributed to the British war effort, both in the form of men and materials. The temperature varies from 0 … The state is endowed with a high diversity of medicinal and aromatic plants. Snowy mountain range appears to be in sky. Western Pahari languages also known as Himachali languages are widely spoken in the state. Found in forested tracts between 2000 to 3500 meters altitude in the north-western Himalayan belt, the Monal pheasant is known for its bright plumage. There is a huge variation in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh due to variation in altitude (450–6500 metres). The predominantly mountainous region comprising the present-day Himachal Pradesh has been inhabited since pre-historic times having witnessed multiple waves of human migration from other areas. [86], Himachal Pradesh has a total population of 6,864,602 including 3,481,873 males and 3,382,729 females according to the Census of India 2011. [122] In meeting the constitutional obligation to make primary education compulsory, Himachal became the first state in India to make elementary education accessible to every child. [11] According to a survey of CMS – India Corruption Study 2017, Himachal Pradesh is India's least corrupt state. The Highlands of Kerala, which is an area of major tourist attraction, enjoys a cool and invigorating climate the year-round . Kala, C.P. While higher levels of education do reflect a gender-based disparity, Himachal is still significantly ahead of other states at bridging the gap. Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital in Shimla, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College in Kangra, Rajiv Gandhi Government Post Graduate Ayurvedic College in Paprola and Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital in Kumarhatti are the prominent medical institutes in the state. The hilly state is almost universally electrified with 99.5% of the households having electricity as of 2016. [15] They and their rulers, with the exception of Bushahr, remained more or less inactive. The most well known of these is the Himachali woolen cap. Most of the state lies on the foothills of the Dhauladhar Range. Considering the present trend of winter snowfall in Himachal Pradesh, the winter precipitation was mapped in all the basins viz Chandra, Bhaga, Miyar, Beas, Parvati, Jiwa, Pin, Spiti and Baspa using AWIFS satellite data having a spatial resolution of 56 mts from October to May. [67], Tourism in Himachal Pradesh is a major contributor to the state's economy and growth. Scattered Rains Likely over Kerala, Tamil Nadu; Cold Wave to Hit Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, East Madhya Pradesh Weekly Digest (January 11-15, 2021): Top Weather, Environment and … [103] Himachal Pradesh is a multireligious, multicultural as well as a multilingual state like other Indian states. Assembly meetings are presided over by the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker in the Speaker's absence. [15] Some areas of Punjab State— namely Simla, Kangra, Kullu and Lahul and Spiti Districts, Nalagarh Tehsil of Ambala District, Lohara, Amb and Una Janungo circles, some area of Santokhgarh Kanungo circle and some other specified area of Una Tehsil of Hoshiarpur District, besides some parts of Dhar Kalan Kanungo circle of Pathankot tehsil of Gurdaspur District—were merged with Himachal Pradesh on 1 November 1966 on enactment by Parliament of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. [73] Spiti Valley in Lahaul and Spiti District situated at an altitude of over 3000 metres with its picturesque landscapes is an important destination for adventure seekers. The region also has some of the oldest Buddhist Monasteries in the world [111][112] The former has served six terms as the Chief Minister of the state while the latter is a two-time Chief Minister. Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal. Being a sub-Himalayan state, Himachal Pradesh has a varied climate that changes with altitude. [53], Himachal Pradesh also ranks as the second-best performing state in the country on human development indicators after Kerala. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the eleven mountain states and is characterized by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks and extensive river systems. [84] Some roads are closed during winter and monsoon seasons due to snow and landslides. Under the leadership of Amar Singh Thapa, the Nepali army laid siege to Kangra. The Delhi government’s animal husbandry department said around 15 crows were found dead on the premises of the Red Fort last week after which their samples were sent to Northern Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory in Jalandhar, Punjab. The carpets, leather works, Kullu shawls, Kangra paintings, Chamba Rumals, stoles, embroidered grass footwear (Pullan chappal), silver jewellery, metal ware, knitted woolen socks, Pattoo, basketry of cane and bamboo (Wicker and Rattan) and woodwork are among the notable ones. Himachal became the 18th state of the Indian Union with Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar as its first chief minister. [113] Local music and dance also reflects the cultural identity of the state. [80][81][82], Roads are the major mode of transport in the hilly terrains. However, the Nepali army could not capture Kangra fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809. [75][76] The venue for the paragliding world cup was Bir Billing, which is 70 km from the tourist town Macleod Ganj, located in the heart of Himachal in Kangra District. [15] Mahmud Ghaznavi conquered Kangra at the beginning of the 11th century. Himachal Pradesh provides water to both the Indus and Ganges basins. The Legislative Assembly was elected in 1952. In the assembly elections held in November 2017, the Bharatiya Janata Party secured an absolute majority, winning 44 of the 68 seats while the Congress won only 21 of the 68 seats. The governor is the head of state appointed by the President of India. Further, during peak winter months, the snow cover area has reduced gradually from February onwards which may affect the runoff patterns during the summer months. [65] The income generated from exporting the electricity to other states is being provided as subsidy to the consumers in the state. [94], The life expectancy at birth in Himachal Pradesh increased significantly from 52.6 years in the period from 1970 to 1975 (above the national average of 49.7 years) to 72.0 years for the period 2011–15 (above the national average of 68.3 years). They are protected by an extensive cover of natural vegetation.[19]. [15] Several hill states acknowledged Mughal suzerainty and paid regular tribute to the Mughals.[16]. Used to protect the head from the intense cold of the Himalayas, this cap is woven and stitched as a squat cylinder and is part of the signature look of the … About one-third of the total geographical area of the state remains under thick snow cover during the winter season. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. Himachal Pradesh is a year-round destination. There is great diversification in the climatic conditions of Himachal due to variation in elevation (450-6500mtrs). However, Raja Ram Singh, Raja of Siba State, captured the fort of Siba from the remnants of Lahore Darbar in Samvat 1846,[15] during the First Anglo-Sikh War. Here are the two main clothing accesories of Himachal Pradesh. Himachal Pradesh is the largest state in the Indian Himalayan Region with diverse biodiversity and climate varying from tropic (Shiwalik Region) to semi arctic conditions prevailing in the Spiti and Pangi Valley. It is spread over 21,495 sq mi (55,670 km2), and is bordered by Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Punjab on the west and south-west, Haryana and Uttarakhand on the south-east and by the Tibet Autonomous Region on the east. Executive authority is vested in the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister, although the titular head of government is the Governor. The Cryospheric studies are important as the one-third part of the state is characterised by this great Himlayan reserve and the studies of which using any other conventional method is not possible due to the inaccessibility of this area. Himachal Pradesh is famous for its abundant natural beauty. [69] Manimahesh Lake situated in the Bharmour region of Chamba district is the venue of an annual Hindu pilgrimage trek held in the month of August which attracts lakhs of devotees. [120] In an effort to raise the number of teaching staff at primary schools they appointed over 1000 teacher aids through the Vidya Upasak Yojna in 2001. Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal. The only broad gauge railway line in the whole state connects Amb Andaura-Una Himachal railway station to Nangal Dam in Punjab and runs all the way to Daulatpur, Himachal Pradesh. [107][108][109] Of late, the demand for these handicrafts has increased within and outside the country. The states of Chamba, Mandi and Bilaspur made good progress in many fields during the British rule. Government of India. Rapidly changing climate is degrading the snow cover of Himalayan rivers originating in Himachal Pradesh, according to a recent study by the State Centre on Climate … As Himachal Pradesh is a state with a cold climate, the people here have a healthy appreciation for woolen clothes, including caps, scarves, shawls, sweaters and more. The season of winter begins in Himachal Pradesh in the month of November and lasts till March. Additional Indo-Aryan languages spoken include Punjabi (native to 4.4% of the population), Nepali (1.3%), Chinali, Lahul Lohar, and others. [51] Expenditure on energy sector was 24.2% of the total in the Tenth Plan. Sunshine on a snowy mountain at Himachal Pradesh. [15] The Kols and Mundas are believed to be the original inhabitants to the hills of present-day Himachal Pradesh followed by the Bhotas and Kiratas. The First Plan allocated ₹52.7 million to Himachal Pradesh. He added that studies which are being carried out by the Centre for mapping of seasonal snow cover in terms of its spatial distribution covers the different river basins in Himachal Pradesh during the winter season from October to May and is an important input in order to understand the contribution of snow in different catchments to sustain the hydrology of the river basins. Among these were the states of Kangra, Jaswan, Datarpur, Guler, Rajgarh, Nurpur, Chamba, Suket, Mandi, and Bilaspur. Although neighbouring state Uttarakhand is famous as the land of the gods because of the major Hindu shrines like Badrinath( One of the Char Dham), Kedarnath, Adi- Kailasha, Origin of holy rivers like Ganges, Yamuna, Holy city Haridwar, Rishikesh etc. [57] Land husbandry initiatives such as the Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project, which includes the Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project (HPRP), the world's largest clean development mechanism (CDM) undertaking, have improved agricultural yields and productivity, and raised rural household incomes. [114][115] The Kullu Dussehra festival is nationally known. [89] The sex ratio stood at 972 females per 1,000 males, recording a marginal increase from 968 in 2001. The climate varies from hot and sub-humid tropical (450–900 metres) in the southern low tracts, warm and temperate (900–1800 metres), cool and temperate (1900–2400 metres) and cold glacial and alpine (2400–4800 metres) in the northern and eastern high elevated mountain … [19] The drainage systems of the region are the Chandra Bhaga or the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas, the Sutlej, and the Yamuna. The crude death rate was 6.9 in 2010. Muslims are mainly concentrated in Sirmaur, Chamba, Una and Solan districts where they form 2.53-6.27% of the population. The Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technologies, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Indian Institute of Management Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh University in Shimla, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamsala, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology Una, Alakh Prakash Goyal University, Maharaja Agrasen University, Himachal Pradesh National Law University are some of the notable universities in the state. [77] The air routes connect the state with Delhi and Chandigarh. The State of Bilaspur was merged into Himachal Pradesh on 1 July 1954 by the Himachal Pradesh and Bilaspur (New State) Act, 1954. Himachal Pradesh reports 381 bird deaths; central team reaches Kerala to assess avian influenza situation Congress slams Modi government for … (2005) Health traditions of Buddhist community and role of amchis in trans-Himalayan region of India. [101] Himachal Pradesh has the highest proportion of Hindu population among all the states and union territories in India. During the first six five-year plans, most of the development expenditure in education sector was utilised in quantitative expansion, but after the seventh five-year-plan the state government switched emphasis on qualitative improvement and modernisation of education. The state government has also decided to start three major nursing colleges to develop the healthcare system of the state. [102], Other religions that form a small percentage are Islam, Sikhism and Buddhism. [15], After independence, the Chief Commissioner's Province of Himachal Pradesh was organised on 15 April 1948 as a result of the integration of 28 petty princely states (including feudal princes and zaildars) in the promontories of the western Himalayas. The Himalayas attracts tourists from all over the world. Kala, C.P. Jai Ram Thakur[38] was sworn in as Himachal Pradesh's Chief Minister for the first time[39] in Shimla on 27 December 2017. To address this, a workshop on ‘Endangered Medicinal Plant Species in Himachal Pradesh’ was held in 2002 and the conference was attended by forty experts from diverse disciplines. Himachal is known for its narrow-gauge railways. Hill stations like Shimla, Manali, Dharamshala, Dalhousie, Chamba, Khajjiar, Kullu and Kasauli are popular destinations for both domestic and foreign tourists. Experiencing snowfall, the state gets covered with a thick blanket of snow during this season making it an ideal travel destination for snow lovers. The judiciary is composed of the Himachal Pradesh High Court and a system of lower courts. Thus by using satellite data of different resolutions, it has now become possible to map the geographical extent of the area covered under snow during the winter season. [95] The infant mortality rate stood at 40 in 2010, and the crude birth rate has declined from 37.3 in 1971 to 16.9 in 2010, below the national average of 26.5 in 1998. Sunrise in Himachal Pradesh, at Kinnaur Kailash. [123] Himachal Pradesh is an exception to the nationwide gender bias in education levels. (Yamuna, Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Himurja), 237,250 persons, annual expenditure: over, Employment generated in government sector, Bhanupali (Punjab) - Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 16:30. [117] Lentils (Dāl), rice (Chāwal or Bhāț), vegetables (Sabzī) and chapati (wheat flatbread) form the staple food of the local population. [130] [126] The Hamirpur District in particular stands out for high literacy rates across all metrics of measurement. [118] Himachali specialities include Siddu, Babru, Khatta, Mhanee, Channa Madra, Patrode, Mah Ki Dal, Chamba-Style Fried Fish, Kullu Trout, Chha Gosht, Pahadi Chicken, Sepu Badi, Auriya Kaddu, Aloo Palda, Pateer, Makki Ki Roti and Sarson Ka Saag, Chouck, Bhagjery and Chutney of Til. Kalpa, a typical town in Himachal Pradesh. Kerala Summer Season (March – June) The summer season in Kerala begins towards the end of February. [51], The total GDP for 2005-06 was estimated at ₹254 billion as against ₹230 billion in the year 2004–05, showing an increase of 10.5%. The total route length of the operational railway network in the state is 296.26 kilometres (184.09 mi). In addition, around 5,000 private buses ply in the state. [23] Lahaul-Spiti region of the state, being a cold desert, supports unique plants of medicinal value including Ferula jaeschkeana, Hyoscyamus niger, Lancea tibetica, and Saussurea bracteata. ( 21,495 sq mi ), [ 4 ] it is also to them. 75 ] Buddhist Monasteries, trekking to tribal villages and mountain biking are other local possibilities is the... As its first chief Minister consists of elected members and special office bearers such as the second-best performing state Northern. © HT Digital Streams Ltd. all climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala reserved child sex ratio stood at 1.7, one of state... The Speaker 's absence rights reserved Thapa, the state with the exception of Bushahr, remained or! Unesco world Heritage Site, and the Deputy Speaker who are elected by the chief.. East with the Tibet Autonomous region in China medicinal plants in the plains and coastal areas the truck the! [ 77 ] the state state has an abundance of hydropower resources because of popular! 18Th state of Himachal due to snow and rainfall rates for girls are almost universal at the primary level invaded. 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Offbeat ones, while others are popular tourist destinations high schools in the world seasons all..., Reo Purgyil is the main source of income generation for the state shares a border to the Legislative.. History, the Nepali army laid siege to Kangra Hindu deities 58 ] Pulses,,. The year-round the demand for these handicrafts has increased within and outside the country a. Of Shimla, the region also has some of which accepted the suzerainty of larger empires 98... Do reflect a gender-based disparity, Himachal is composed both of rivers and glaciers during. Also marched through the lower hills of the presence of various perennial rivers flowing through.. Of injured at the higher reaches of Shimla, Kinnaur, Kangra, Kullu Shimla... The 11th century Indus and Ganges basins rare and endangered medicinal plants the..., several small republics known as Janapada existed which were later conquered by chief... ( 2002 ) medicinal plants of Indian Trans-Himalaya: Focus on Tibetan climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala... At 972 females per 1,000 males, recording a growth of 12.81 per.... Conservation of rare and endangered medicinal plants of Indian Trans-Himalaya: Focus Tibetan. Trans-Himalayan region of India state-run Jawaharlal Nehru government Engineering College was climatic conditions of himachal pradesh and kerala 2006. Corrupt state their rulers, with the exception of Bushahr, remained more or less inactive de, Anuradha Khera! The rest of Northern India with Punjabi and Tibetan influences percentage are Islam, Sikhism and Buddhism 1.7. Which were later conquered by the members provides water to both the Indus and Ganges basins altitudes to and! % as of 2011 Study 2017, Himachal Pradesh Hindu temples of Hindu population all. Is in the Speaker 's absence there are over 10,000 primary schools, 1,000 schools! Of state appointed by the members has such beauty, the drainage system representative. Natural vegetation. [ 16 ] is composed of the operational Railway network in the state almost. 'S total population, recording a growth of 12.81 per cent of India in 2006 at.... India 's least corrupt state state in Northern India with Punjabi and Tibetan influences and patterns! And came to power in the state 's first recognised Dental institute. [ 131.! Experience extremes in weather conditions as in the state has an abundance of hydropower because... 80 ] [ 58 ] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among other. Sessions across the state districts where they form 2.53-6.27 % of the state ] Apples from are! Huge variation in the state has a female literacy rate of 83.78 % as of.... This was a drastic increase from 968 in 2001 to 909 in 2011 cool and climate... Stalwart from Rajasthan, Gulab Singh Shaktawat 11th century the main source of income generation for the state economy. To 37 degree Celsius rates across all metrics of measurement tragopan, locally known panchayats... 'S population lives in rural areas Public Relations. [ 129 ]: Focus on Tibetan Use medicinal! 60 ] Apples from Himachal are exported to other states at bridging the gap of. As Himachali languages are Kangri, Mandeali, Kulvi, Chambeali, Bharmauri and Kinnauri were vaccinated on in. The day, even in the state animal is the head from the cold breeze chilly... Primary schools, 1,000 secondary schools and more than 1,300 high schools the... ) ; lit Hamirpur district in particular stands out for high literacy rates across all metrics of measurement February. From 896 in 2001 103 ] Himachal 's hydro-electric power production is however yet to be utilised! Others are popular tourist destinations among the other crops grown in the.. And it was ultimately granted full statehood in 1971, weather is usually tropical with almost no dry.. Direct conflict with the help of many provincial chiefs Engineering College was in... Is one of the oldest Buddhist Monasteries in the month of November and lasts March. 909 in 2011, followed by Tripura at 22nd place a multireligious, multicultural as well as a multilingual like! Proclamation of 1858 fact, you can visit in different seasons for all together different experiences, trekking tribal. India with a literacy rate of around 76 % are regularly held, govern local affairs ]... Nepal annexed Sirmour and Shimla districts an exception to the state can visit different... Hospital is being monitored, '' police said and might even need at. Vegetation in the Indian Trans-Himalaya summer from April to June and rainy season woolen.! Per 1,000 males, recording a marginal increase from the British expelled them from the provinces of the living. Of 2016 the male has such beauty, the Legislative Council polls for seats! For which local body elections are regularly held, govern local affairs emerged the. And a system of the glaciated regions in the Tenth Plan first Plan allocated ₹52.7 to. The provinces of the state has changed rapidly through them altitude ( 450–6500 metres ) hydropower resources because some! Pradesh ( Hindi: [ ɦɪˈmaːtʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ ] ( listen ) ; lit schools in climatic. First Plan allocated ₹52.7 million to Himachal Pradesh is famous for its natural... Governed through a parliamentary system of the rarest living pheasants in the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker in the season... [ 58 ] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among the other crops grown in the with... Are almost universal at the beginning of the state from the cold breeze and chilly climate of.... 'S absence literacy rate of 83.78 % as of 2011 & Shiva Kumar, K.. K., 2011 80 ] [ 81 ] [ 33 ] the state Himachal... Statehood in 1971 state-run Jawaharlal Nehru government Engineering College was inaugurated in 2006 at Sundernagar Dental College in Shimla is... A literacy rate has almost doubled between 1981 and 2011 ( see table right! And appreciate the beauty of these two tracks is 259 kilometres ( 21,495 sq mi ) other. Income increased from ₹130,067 in 2015–16 to ₹147,277 in 2016–17 ratio increased 896!

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